Respiratory infections and complications

Injury level affects breathing and coughing muscles and respiratory function. Weaker chest and abdominal muscles can make clearing secretions harder.

Immune defenses identify and remove harmful organisms and abnormal cells. Innate and acquired immunity provide complementary forms of protection.

Early research suggests SCI can weaken immune function; mechanisms remain uncertain. Suppression has been reported both soon after injury and in some longer-term cases.

Reduced coughing, mucus clearance, and immune defenses can increase infection risk. Accumulated mucus can provide conditions in which bacteria grow.

Infections can affect upper or lower airways and interfere with oxygen delivery. The location and severity of infection influence its effect on breathing and overall health.

Hygiene, vaccination, and respiratory health support are important prevention topics.

Possible effects include coughing, dizziness, and breathing-muscle discomfort.

Clinical care may include methods to clear airway secretions and support breathing. Approaches may combine hands-on assistance and mechanical equipment.