Site map

Six main categories. Topic overviews. Focused reading pages.

• A Message From Rick Hansen ↗
• SCIRE Team ↗
• The SCIRE Project ↗
• Review Process and Methodology ↗
• Evidence Review Process ↗
• Outcome Measures Review Process ↗
• Publications ↗

• Spinal Cord Injury
  • Spinal cord anatomy
  • Injury types and causes
  • Injury levels and classification
  • Changes after injury and early recovery
• Aging
  • Bladder changes with age
  • Bowel changes with age
  • Pain and aging
  • Staying physically active

• Autonomic and Cardiovascular Health
  • Autonomic dysreflexia: signs and emergency care
  • Autonomic dysreflexia: triggers and prevention
  • Low blood pressure: symptoms and assessment
  • Low blood pressure: management and abdominal binders
• Bladder Health
  • How the bladder changes after SCI
  • Bladder assessment and monitoring
  • Bladder routines and catheters
  • Medications, injections and surgery
  • Urinary infections and other complications
• Bone Health
  • Bone changes and osteoporosis
  • Risk factors, screening and diagnosis
  • Preventing bone loss and fractures
  • Osteoporosis treatment options
• Bowel Health
  • How the bowel changes after SCI
  • Bowel assessment and complications
  • Building a bowel routine
  • Medications, procedures and surgery
• Breathing
  • How breathing changes after SCI
  • Respiratory infections and complications
  • Breathing exercises and assisted techniques
  • Equipment, ventilation and other treatments
• Mental Health
  • Recognizing depression
  • Assessment and getting support
  • Psychological and lifestyle approaches
  • Medications and other treatments
• Nutrition
  • Dietary fibre and bowel health
  • Understanding the gut microbiome
  • Food, supplements and microbiome treatments
• Pain
  • Pain types, causes and assessment
  • Pain management options
  • Shoulder pain and injury prevention
  • Shoulder assessment and treatment
• Skin Health
  • Understanding pressure injuries
  • Recognizing and assessing skin damage
  • Daily prevention and pressure relief
  • Seating and pressure mapping
  • Wound care and treatment options
• Sleep
  • Understanding sleep-disordered breathing
  • Symptoms, risks and diagnosis
  • Sleep and breathing treatment options
• Spasticity
  • Understanding spasticity and its triggers
  • Assessment and effects on daily life
  • Physical approaches and self-management
  • Medications, injections and surgery
• COVID-19
  • SCI-specific information — historical guidance
  • Caregiver information — historical guidance
  • Mental health and social connection — historical guidance

• Movement and Exercise
  • Benefits and types of physical activity
  • Exercise guidelines and getting started
  • Adapted sports and equipment
  • Supported standing: benefits, equipment and safety
• Walking and Mobility
  • Walking rehabilitation and treadmill training
  • Robotic exoskeletons: use and suitability
  • Benefits, limitations and safety of walking devices
• Wheelchairs and Equipment
  • Assessment, selection and wheelchair provision
  • Manual wheelchairs
  • Powered mobility
  • Power assist and propulsion devices
  • Seating and positioning
  • Wheelchair maintenance

• Community Living
  • Housing and accessibility
  • Driving and vehicle adaptations
  • Travel planning and accessibility
  • Quality of life and community experiences
• Reproductive Health
  • Pregnancy planning and care
  • Labour, delivery and recovery
  • Breastfeeding and support
  • Parenting experiences
• Sexual Health
  • Sexual changes and relationships
  • Sexual function and assessment
  • Treatment options for men
  • Treatment options for women

• Medications
  • Baclofen: uses, delivery and evidence
  • Baclofen: risks and treatment decisions
  • Botulinum toxin: uses, treatment and evidence
  • Botulinum toxin: risks and treatment decisions
• Alternative Medicine
  • Acupuncture: use, evidence and safety
  • Cannabis: forms, uses and evidence
  • Cannabis: risks, interactions and access
• Neuromodulation
  • Functional electrical stimulation: uses and equipment
  • Functional electrical stimulation: evidence and safety
  • Epidural stimulation: procedure, evidence and safety
  • TENS: use, evidence and safety
• Surgery
  • Nerve transfer: eligibility and planning
  • Nerve transfer: procedure and rehabilitation
  • Nerve transfer: results, risks and experiences
• Repair and Recovery
  • Neuroprotection: approaches, evidence and risks
  • Stem cells: approaches, evidence and risks
  • Accessing experimental treatments and making decisions

• Understanding Health Care
  • Emergency and hospital care
  • Understanding rehabilitation and the care team
  • Rehabilitation length of stay and discharge
  • Working with a primary care provider
• Research
  • Understanding study designs
  • Understanding results and strength of evidence
  • Applying research to care decisions

• About
• How to Use This Site
• In the News
• Our Partners
• SCIRE Community Evidence
• Welcome Message from Rick Hansen
• What We Do
• Who We Are
• Resources
• Educational Resources
• Organizations and Foundations
• Products and Devices
• Research Centres

• Andrei Krassioukov
• Sam Sullivan
• Ainsley, Dan & Caleb
• John Cobb
• Sherry Caves