What are the limitations of nerve transfers?

Author: Kelsey Zhao | Reviewer: Michael Berger, Christopher Doherty | Published: 23 January 2024 | Updated: ~

Some people feel disappointment and frustration with the slow pace at which improvements are made after a nerve transfer. It is important to set realistic expectations going into a nerve transfer. That said, even small improvements in function can have significant impacts on independence and confidence.

As with any surgery, there is a possibility that the nerve transfer surgery does not work. If a nerve transfer fails to restore any function to a paralyzed muscle after physical and occupational therapy, it may be possible to do a tendon transfer to try and regain that movement.

The reasons why a nerve transfer succeeds or fails are still an ongoing area of research. Expert opinion suggests that timing (i.e. when in the recovery process the surgery takes place), and the frequency and intensity of physical and occupational therapy influence how successful a nerve transfer is.

Future research directions for nerve transfer surgery

Although nerve transfers are available to people with SCI as a treatment option, it is still a relatively new area of ongoing research.

Some of the research underway in the realm of nerve transfer surgery include:

  • Exploring the possible application of nerve transfer techniques on diaphragm paralysis to reduce ventilator dependence.
  • The use of electrical stimulation in combination with nerve transfer to strengthen the nerve connections.
  • Research to better understand what factors may influence the success of a nerve transfer.
  • A multi-centre Canadian study is currently looking at the effect of nerve transfers on functional results like the ability to pick up an object, eat independently, self-catheterize etc.